欧盟宪法发展进程中的双重变奏——共和主义与自由主义的视角

欧盟宪法较之于民族国家的宪法的一个突出特征在于，欧盟宪法不是来自于一次政治决断，而是由多个连续性的决断构成，这就表现为欧盟宪法的发展或欧盟统合秩序的形成是一个由多种力量或因素参与其间的法律与政治进程，其中，共和主义与自由主义最为重要，从而欧盟宪法的发展进程也就体现为共和主义与自由主义的双重变奏。共和主义是欧盟宪法的灵魂与骨架，而自由主义在欧盟宪法发展之初是作为一种积极的力量而存在的。随着欧盟宪法的发展，因触及了各个民族国家的政治、社会发展模式及成员国人民的福利，自由主义则成为欧盟宪法发展中重要反对性力量所借助的思想资源，但是，源于“欧洲梦”的追求，共和主义较之于自由主义始终具有正当性与统摄性。欧盟宪法未来的发展，在一定意义上就取决于共和主义与自由主义之间的平衡。

Dualism in the Process of EU Constitution Development-Perspectives of Republicanism and Liberalism

Compared with nation-states' constitutions,an outstanding characteristic of EU constitution is that it does not come out from a political settlement but comprises of many consecutive arrangements,which appears that its development with the formation of EU unification order is a legal and political process participated by various forces or elements among which republicanism and liberalism are of the most importance and thus the development process of EU constitution appears as a dualism of these two philosophies.Republicanism is EU constitution's soul,while liberalism exists as a positive force at the beginning of the EU constitution development.However,when EU constitution's development collides with each nation-state's political and social development modes and their citizens' welfare,liberalism is becoming a thought resource on which those important opposition forces hindering EU constitution's development depend.Nevertheless,originating from the pursuit of 'the Dream of Europe',republicanism is always more legitimate than liberalism.EU constitution's future development will be decided by the balance between republicanism and liberalism to some extent.