通才教育的古代范式——古典时代雅典的教育实践

古代雅典的城邦教育是世界上最早的通才教育。其教育体系主要由家庭教育、学校教育、私人教育和社会教育四个层次组成，分别发挥类似现代初等教育、中等教育、高等教育和社会实践教育的作用。雅典教育体系的成功在于，它的目的并非是培养从事某种特殊职业的专才，而是培养从事政治活动的通才——公民。所以，实质上，雅典的教育是一种城邦公民教育。它值得现代的教育借鉴。

Ancient Mode for Education of General Talents——Education Practice in Ancient Athens

The municipal education in ancient Athens was the best mode for education ot general talents. The education system mainly consisted of four levels such as family education, school education, private education, and social education, which respectively functioned similarly as our modem primary education, junior education, higher education, and education with social practice. The education in Athens succeeded due to its aim, which was not to cultivate certain talents for some special professions, hut to cultivate citizens, the general talents for political activities. Therefore, essentially, the education in Athens was a kind of municipal citizen education, which was of great reference to modem education.