日本典型劳动社会保障智库研究:主要类型与特征分析

中国特色新型智库建设已经成为国内外学术焦点,而率先步入少子高龄化社会的日本,其劳动社会保障智库建设可为中国提供有益参考。分别考察了日本具有代表性的劳动社会保障民间智库、官方智库和高校智库的发展演进历程。民间智库通过与公益财团法人结合,得以保持其专业性与财务可持续性;官方智库体现出较显著的整合趋势,由法律赋予其相对独立的法人地位;高校智库在财务可持续性上有天然优势,而有效整合内外部资源是其主要抓手。日本劳动社会保障智库的特征包括:重视田野调查与数据挖掘,依据智库性质分类治理,智库资金来源多元化,智库影响渠道多层次。

Research on Think Tanks of Japanese Typical Laborand Social Security: Main Categories and Feature Analysis

The development of new type of think tanks with Chinese characteristics has been heated discussed, while Japan, as an early aging society, is likely to shed several light on the building of the professional think tanks on labor and social security.The paper takes a retrospect of the development of typical labor and social security think tanks in Japan with civil, governmental and university-based categories.Civil think tanks remained professional and fiscal sustainable by combining with charitable foundations: governmental ones are in the integrating trend, with related legislation giving them relative independency;their university-based counterparts were fiscally competitive by nature, prioritizing the internal and external resource integration.The features of these think tanks include: emphasis on field work and data mining, differential governance by the nature of the think-tank founder, diversified channels of fiscal resources, multi-level deliveries of the influence.