全面准确地理解马克思早年的“跨越”思想

马克思早年的“跨越”思想和晚年的“跨越”思想一样,指的都是“跨越”资本主义的经济制度,而不是指“跨越”政治革命和政治解放,直接实现社会革命和人类解放。马克思早年“跨越”思想的理论基础是“共同胜利论”和“发达国家带动论”。19世纪40年代,德国的社会性质是半封建半资本主义社会,德国的资本主义制度已经存在并正在发展。马克思、恩格斯把此时代的德国看作是“支配着世界市场”,并能首先进行无产阶级革命,建立共产主义社会的国家,因此认为德国能把前资本主义国家或非资本主义国家带到共产主义新社会中去,因而也不存在跨越“资本主义制度的卡夫丁峡谷”问题。

A Comprehensive and Accurate Understanding of Karl Marx's Early Thought of "Passing Through"

Marx’s early thought of“passing through”,the same as his later thought of“passing through”,re?fers to“passing through”the capitalist economic system,instead of“passing through”political revolution and political liberation to directly realize social revolution and human liberation.Marx’s early thought of“passing through”is based on the theory of“Synchronic Victory”and the theory of“revolution driven by developed coun?tries”.In the 1840s,the social nature of Germany was semi-feudal and semi-capitalist,and the capitalist sys?tem in Germany had already existed and was developing.Thus Marx and Engels had seen Germany in this era as the country that“dominated the world market”,the first to carry out the proletarian revolution and establish the communist society,and the one that can bring those pre-capitalist or non-capitalist countries to the new communist society,so there is no longer the problem of passing through the capitalist“Caudine Forks”in Ger?many.