放松管制背景下公共基础设施的市场化和民营化

公共基础设施以公共性为基本目的,其立项、投资、建设及投入使用等不能完全取决于市场机制;但它作为公共产品具有不纯粹性,这为其市场化和民营化又提供了可能。中国的公共基础设施建设与经营经历了由国家全面负责向由国家和市场分担职责的转变,政府管制的发展是其中贯穿始终的线索。应在重新认识自然垄断并区分不同项目性质的基础上,放松管制,运用多种模式将市场机制和非政府资金引入公共基础设施建设与经营领域,避免政府管制的弊端。

Marketization and Privatization of Public Infrastructure Against the Background of Deregulation

The basic aim of the public infrastructure is commonality, so the market system cannot be the sole consideration when we are planning, investing, constructing and putting into use of it. But for its impurity as the public goods, its marketization and privatization is possible. In China's history of construction and operation of the public infrastructure, the development of government regulation always plays the main role. In order to overcome its drawbacks, we should differentiate various projects, deregulate and introduce the market system and non-government funds into the field of construction and management of public infrastructure.