美国“法院之友”制度研究

“法院之友”制度是美国法院制度的重要组成部分,美国法院所审理的案件中,有“法院之友”介入的占很大比例,而且很多判决中都援引了“法院之友”书状的意见。本文首先考察了“法院之友”制度的历史轨迹,系统地介绍了政府“法院之友”、中立的“法院之友”和与案件有利益关系的“法院之友”的运作概况,评判了“法院之友”制度的利弊得失,提出了借鉴“法院之友”完善我国现行法院制度的初步设想。

A Research on American "Amicus Curiae"

Amicus curiae is the important component of the American court system, not only the cases in which amicus curiae are involved is a high rote, but also a lot of court's decides cite the amicus brief's opinion. The paper at first explore the history development of the amicus curiae, systematically introduce the operative frame of governmental amicus、neutral amicus and the amicus in relation to the case, assess the advantage and disadvantage. On the basis of these, the author bring about the initial scheme of improvement our country present court system drawing lesson from amicus curiae.