子代孝道类别对亲代福祉的影响探究——基于CFPS2014的实证检验

弘扬孝亲敬老传统美德在支持家庭养老保障机制的有效运转和提升老年福祉水平方面具有积极作用，亦是践行党的二十大报告中“弘扬中华传统美德，加强家庭家教家风建设”的有益探索。研究发现子代持有的孝道观念在具备相互性和权威性双元面向的基础上，可进一步被划分为“高认同型”“分化型”“矛盾型”“低认同型”四个潜在类别；“孝道—福祉增进效应”具有稳定性，子代对相互性孝道认同程度越高，其亲代产生高福祉水平的可能性更大；该效应在亲代群体间具有异质性，拥有养老资源较为匮乏的亲代，能够从孝道对福祉的正向效应中获得更多回报。下一步政策取向是强化新时代家庭观的制度保障，进一步发挥家风建设和家庭美德发展对实现代际之间紧密的情感联结和高度的责任认同的有效力量。

Research on the Impact of Categories of Offspring Filial Piety on Parental Welfare——An Empirical Test Based on CFPS Data of 2014

Carrying forward the traditional virtues of filial piety and respect for the elderly plays a positive role in supporting the effective operation of the family pension security mechanism and improving the welfare of the elderly. It is also an active exploration to effectively carry forward the traditional virtues and strengthen the family construction and family education in the report of 20th CPC National Congress. The research finds that filial piety held by the offspring can be further divided into four potential categories of “high identification type”, “differentiation type”, “contradiction type” and “low identification type” on the basis of the dual orientation of “Reciprocity Filial Piety” and “Authoritarian Filial Piety”. The “filial piety welfare promotion effect” is stable. When the degree of identity of offspring Reciprocity Filial Piety is higher, the the parental welfare is better. And the effect is heterogeneous among the parental groups. Parents with less elderly care resources can benefit more from the positive effect of filial piety on welfare. Later policy orientation should strengthen the institutional guarantee of family values in the New Era, and further exert the effective force of the construction of family education and the development of family virtues to realize the close emotional connection and high degree of responsibility identity between generations.