国家的视角与被贬低的社区:村改居社区治理的新问题

村改居社区研究倾向于认为,村改居社区是一种必将转变为所谓城市社区的过渡型社区。这种对“过渡性”的强调实则基于农村与城市、传统和现代、落后和进步等一系列二元论和线性进化论思维,将村改居社区视为从乡村转型为城市的暂时状态,倾向于贬低乡村传统生活方式及其文化,进而关注如何促成从村民到城市市民生活方式和文化的转变。在具体社区管理和建设中,简单化视角进一步使得社区管理者缺乏对居民日常生活复杂性的认识和同情,忽视地方性文化与集体记忆的重要价值。村改居社区的治理应该超越“乡村-城市”的二元论和进化论,基于结构两重性视角思考如何使传统文化与社会资本成为促进社区转型的可动员资源,而非结构性约束,进而尝试培育具有地方性的新型城市社区文化。

The State Perspective and Depreciated Community:the New Issue of Governance for Urban Communities Transformed From Villages

Urban communities transformed from villages are usually interpreted as transitional community by most researchers,focusing on its temporary existence and the paths of citizenization.Due to a perspective of dualism and the linear evolutionism like country and urban,tradition and modernity,backwardness and advancement and so on,traditional lifestyle and culture tends to be despised in these researches.Meanwhile,complexity in everyday life and the important value of local culture and collective memories are ignored as a result of the simplification perspective during the course of community administration.To compensate for its shortcomings,community governance in urban community transformed from villages might make local culture and social capital as the mobilization resources to promote community transformation,transcending the perspective of dualism and linear evolutionism.