论船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任限制的冲突和协调

船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任限制之间发生冲突,既有历史原因又有现实原因。船舶优先权和海事赔偿责任限制发生冲突的领域是船舶优先权优先保障实现的限制性海事债权。《海商法》规定海事赔偿责任限制优先于船舶优先权实施以协调两者之间的冲突,其理论根据在于:船舶优先权系担保物权,而海事赔偿责任限制是确定海事债权数额的一种制度,担保物权只有在确定债权数额后才能实现。

On Conflicts and Harmonization between Maritime Liens and Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims

There are some historical and realistic causes for the conflict between Maritime Liens and Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims. The claims subject to limitation secured by Maritime Liens are the object of the conflict between Maritime Liens and Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims. CMC stipulates that Maritime Liens shall not affect the implementation of Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, which harmonizes the relationship between them. The regulation is based on the theory that Maritime Liens, as a real right for security, are subordinated to the claims, the amount of which is decided by Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims.