进城务工人员在二元劳动力市场中的地位与工会的维权思路

在我国社会双重转型时期,劳动力资源配置方面呈现两大特征:一是农村人口城镇化速度加快;二是在城镇形成二元劳动力市场。大量进城务工人员滞留在下层的“次属劳动力市场”,成为“新型工资劳动者”,其合法权益不断受到严重侵犯。其后果是,在全社会劳动力职业结构趋于高级化的同时,城镇底层劳动力群体扩张并构成“沉淀”的劳动力供给群。为促进建立和谐、稳定的劳动关系,工会要站在促进城乡整体协调发展、维护职工长远利益的高度积极推动政府加快配套改革,稳步有序地消除进城务工人员融入城镇、公平就业竞争的制度性制约因素。

The Role of City- bound Rural Workers in the Binary Labor Market and the Trade Unions' Approaches to Protecting Their Rights

In the period of the dual transformations of China's society, the distribution of labor resources has taken on two important features: one is the acceleration of urbanization of rural population; the other is the formation of dual labor market in cities and townships. Large numbers of city-bound rural workers remain in the lower "subordinate labor market", becoming "laborers with new-type wages, and their legitimate rights and interests are subject to serious infringements." As a result, while the labor structure is becoming more and more advanced in the whole society, the base labor groups in cities and townships will see a large expansion. In order to establish harmonious and stable industrial relations, trade unions should take a long-term view of promoting the coordinated development of cities and rural areas and safeguarding the interests of laborers, and push the government to carry out relevant reforms and eliminate the policy barriers for rural workers to merge with urban society and to enjoy fair competition and equal job opportunities.