论国际信用证当事人未做法律选择时的法律适用

信用证的法律冲突十分普遍 ,而世界各国除了美国之外没有国家立法对信用证的法律适用问题做出了明确规定。各国司法实践表明 ,信用证当事人对法律适用所做的自由选择通常都会得到法院的支持。但是 ,如果当事人对法律适用没有选择时 ,各国法院一般是根据最密切联系原则 ,适用与信用证有最密切联系地的法律。至于何为与信用证有最密切联系地的法律 ?各国法院在不同的案件中基于不同的考虑往往有着不同的看法 ,从已有的案例看 ,适用最多的是开证行所在地的法律和付款行所在地的法律。

On the Application of Law for International Letters of Credit without Choice of Law

The law conflicts of letters of credit are quite widespread, but there is no legislation except in the United States which gives a definite regulation about the application of law for letters of credit. The judicial practices indicate that the parties' free choice about the application of law for letters of credit is always supported by court. At the same time, when there is no choice of law, according to the principle of the proximate connection, everycourt generally applies the law which has the proximate connection with letters of credit. When it comes to which has the proximate connection with leggers of credit, different court, basing on different considerations, has different attitude in different law cases. In the existed cases, the most frequently applied laws are the law of the place where the issuing bank is located and the law of the place where the paying bank is located.