试论《红楼梦》对《西厢记》《牡丹亭》女性意识的继承和发展

中国古代的许多小说、戏曲不同程度地体现出了以尊重女性、追求女性独立和婚恋自由为主要内容的女性意识.<红楼梦>作为中国古典文学的一座丰碑,不仅很好地承续了<西厢记><牡丹亭>所体现的较先进的女性意识,而且达到了中国古代文学女性意识表现的最高峰.这三部作品所体现的女性意识,主要是通过女主人公的形象塑造完成的.崔莺莺重爱情轻功名,体现了女性意识的初步觉醒;杜丽娘为情而死、为情复生,体现了女性意识的进一步张扬.林黛玉蔑视功名利禄,要求独立自由,看似柔弱,实则坚韧,其女性意识是对崔莺莺、杜丽娘的继承和超越.

Inheritance and Development of Feminist Idea about Three Literatures

The trilogy of A Tale of the West Chamber,The Pavilion of Peony and A Dream of Red Mansions has revealed Feminist Idea,especially so in A Dream of Red Mansions.Such consciousness,inherited from A Tale of the West Chamber,The Pavilion of Peony,was further developed,thus making the three classical pieces the best known women's trilogy about the ladies' inner chambers.Also,the heroin of A Dream of Red Mansions,Lin Dai Yu,from the women's consciousness point of view,not only inherited but transcended the literary imageries of the heroines configured by Cui Yin Yin in A Tale of the West Chamber and Du Li Niang in The Pavilion of Peony.