"以贷还贷"纠纷中的保证人责任--以最高人民法院公布判决书为对象

成文法体系下法律规则确定性程度的考察,由于最高人民法院定期公布裁判文书的举措,而成为可能。对最高人民法院公布裁判文书的比较发现:最高人民法院对以贷还贷的认定,在不同判决中采取了各自不同的标准,对以贷还贷纠纷中保证人承担责任的条件,也给出了不同甚至相互矛盾的理由,未能同案同判。相互矛盾和冲突的判决并存的现状表明,以贷还贷纠纷中保证人的责任,不啻是模糊的,甚至是混乱的。类似现象,损害了法律一致性、规则确定性原则的同时,必将抑制经济生活中保证人角色的发挥,加大人民法院(包括最高人民法院)案件数量的压力。建立案例约束制度,是增强法律可预测性的现实选择。

Guarantor's Responsibility in the Disputes of Return the Loan with the Loan

Since the Supreme People's Court promulgates the judgment documents regularly,investigating the determinacy degree of the legal rules under the written law system becomes possible.The comparison of the judgment documents promulgated by the Supreme People's Court show that: the Supreme People's Court have adopted different standards in different judgments to recognize the return the loan with the loan,and it provided different even contrary reasons for the condition that the guarantor undertakes the liability in this kind of disputes.The current situation that the contradictory and conflict judgments coexist indicates that the guarantor's liability in the dispute of the return the loan with the loan is fuzzy,even confused.Similar phenomenon, while damaging legal consistency and the determinacy of rules,will suppress the guarantor role's play in the economic life,strengthen the people's courts'(includes the Supreme People's Court) pressure of the quantity of case.It is a realistic choice of strengthening the legal predictability to set up the case-restraining system.