欠发达地区留守青少年犯罪与预防研究——基于淳安县的调查

淳安县系杭州地区经济发展欠发达的山区县、库区县,农村外出务工人员数量众多,由此产生了大量的留守青少年。这些留守青少年因家庭教育功能缺失、学校教育机制不完善、社会不良因素的影响、社会关爱长效性不足等原因出现违法犯罪问题。违法犯罪呈现出低龄化、群体化、侵财型居多、性犯罪增多等特点。预防留守青少年犯罪要发挥家庭、学校、政府、司法机关的职能作用,改善他们的成长环境,增强其归属感,通过完善职高＂三特生＂管理机制、注重留守青少年异常表现的信息及时通报、加强网吧管理整治,探索推进适合未成年人的量刑制度、发挥公诉部门青少年维权岗的作用等具体举措,有效预防留守青少年违法犯罪。

Study on Left-behind Teenagers＇ Criminal Behaviors and Its Prevention in Underdeveloped Area-- Based on the Survey in Chun＇an

Chun＇an is an underdeveloped reservoir county. There are lots of migrant workers in this county, which leads to problem of the large number of left-behind teenagers. Owing to the deficiency of family education, the faultiness of educational mechanism, the effect of social negative factors and the deficiency of social care, there might be lots of illegal and criminal behaviors among those left-behind teenagers. And those criminal behaviors have the tendencies of lowering age, grouped, property-preferred and sexual crime preferred. To prevent the crimes of left-behind teenagers, families, schools government and judicial authorities should work together. Measures should be done to improve growth environment of the left-behind teenagers to enhance their sense of belonging, to improve the management mechanism of vocational schools for leftbehind teenagers, to pay attention to notify exceptional behaviors of those teenagers and to tighten up the management of Internet bars. And the reasonable measurement of juvenile penalty and the function of legal department for teenagers should also be promoted. Only in these ways can they prevent the crimes of left-behind teenagers.