关于我国网络犯罪刑事管辖权立法的思考

在确定网络犯罪刑事管辖权时,适用传统的刑事管辖权理论面临诸多困境。许多国家的立法以及《网络犯罪公约》都在尝试解决这一问题,而我国关于网络犯罪管辖权的立法明显滞后。为了惩治和打击网络犯罪,我国应根据可能、公正、方便及国际协调原则,分别确立网络犯罪的国内管辖权和国际管辖权。对网络犯罪的国内管辖,可适用刑法中的地域管辖理论,借鉴民事网络案件的管辖权规则,以网络犯罪的IP地址作为确定管辖权的依据。在网络犯罪的国际管辖权方面,建议确立以属地管辖为基础、以法益受到损害的关联性为补充的有限扩张原则;同时,应通过参加或缔结网络犯罪刑事管辖的多边或双边国际条约来解决网络犯罪刑事管辖权的冲突问题。

China's Legislation on Criminal Jurisdiction over Cyber Crimes

With traditional theory of criminal jurisdiction it seems hard for us to ascertain the jurisdiction over cyber crimes.From many countries' laws and the Convention on Cyber crimes,one can readily find that people are trying their best to solve the problem.Unfortunately,China's relevant laws lag behind.Thus,to crack down network crimes,we should ascertain respectively the jurisdiction over international crimes and the jurisdiction over domestic crimes in accordance with the principles of possibility,justice,convenience and international coordination.As for the domestic crimes,by employing the theory concerning the territorial jurisdiction in the existing criminal law and by reference of the rules of jurisdiction over cyber cases in civil law,the jurisdiction should be determined in accordance with the IP location of the cyber crime.As for international jurisdiction,the principle based on territorial jurisdiction and with limited liberal interpretation in consideration of the extent of injury of interests should be established.Further,by claiming the membership of or concluding multilateral or bilateral international conventions,conflicts concerning jurisdiction over cyber crimes may be prevented.