生物多样性预防公益诉讼的制度逻辑及实现路径

随着当今社会风险的不断加剧、不可逆转损害后果的频繁出现,生物多样性保护不应局限于事后的补救性救济,而应当积极拓展其预防功能,将隐患消弭于尚未发生之际是生物多样性预防公益诉讼的应有之义。就现行司法救济体系而言,尚存在法源理论上的不相妥协、立法维度上的事后救济为主、司法实践中的固守谨慎等鲜明特征。因此,应当在风险预防原则与比例原则的引导下,加快推进生物多样性专门立法、明确“重大风险”判断基准、完善生物多样性多元保障体系、打造查、审、执相互贯通的全链条式体系。

The System Logic and Realization Path of Biodiversity Prevention Public Interest Litigation

Today with the increasing of the society risks and the frequent appearance of irreversible damage consequences,the biodiversity conservation should not be limited to post-event remedial relief,but should actively expand its preventive function to eliminate hidden dangers before occurring.The proper meaning of sexual prevention of public interest litigation.As far as the current judicial remedy system,there are still distinctive features such as uncompromising in the source of law theory,post-event relief in the legislative dimension and prudence in judicial practice.Therefore,under the guidance of the principle of risk prevention and the principle of proportionality,we should speed up the advancement of special legislation on biodiversity,clarify the criteria for judging"significant risks",improve the biodiversity security system,and open up the entire chain system of investigation,trial,and execution.