欧盟碳排放交易体系的结构缺陷、制度变革及其影响

欧盟碳排放交易体系(EU ETS)经历了第一、二期两个阶段的发展,将在2013年正式进入第三阶段。尽管欧盟在减排和市场建设方面取得了不小的成就,但是前两个阶段发展中所暴露的问题也反映出欧洲碳排放交易体系内在的结构缺陷。为了解决这些设计上的结构缺陷,提升碳排放交易体系未来第三阶段的可信度,欧盟通过修订碳排放交易指令对该体系进行了大幅度的制度变革。新指令的实施必将对欧盟内外产生重要影响。本文将具体阐述和系统分析欧盟碳排放交易体系的结构缺陷、制度变革及其影响,并归纳其对中国建立碳排放交易市场的启示。

The Structural Defects,Institutional Changes and Implications of the EU-ETS

QI ShaozhouAfter the pilot phase(2005-07) and the second phase(2008-12),the EU Emissions Trading Scheme(EU-ETS) will formally enter a Phase 3 in 2013.In spite of the achievements the EU-ETS has made with regard to emissions reduction and market building,a lot of problems have been exposed at the first two stages,which reflects its systemic structural deficiencies.In order to address the structural defects and thereby improve the future credibility of the Scheme,the ETS Directive has been thoroughly revised with significant institutional changes.The implementation of the new directive will definitely have profound influences both inside and outside the EU.In view of this,this paper will specifically elaborate and systematically analyze the EU-ETS’ structural defects,institutional changes and its implications for China.