生产—生活共同体与易地扶贫搬迁的后续帮扶——基于秦巴山区H县“138模式”的分析

“搬得出”“稳得住”“能致富”共同构成易地扶贫搬迁的政策目标。在政策支持下，易地扶贫搬迁基本完成“搬得出”的阶段性任务，但就可持续发展而言，“稳得住”“能致富”更为重要。以陕南秦巴山区H县“138模式”为案例，本文将搬迁户的经济生产、社区生活整合进“生产—生活共同体”的框架内，总结易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶的微观机制。研究发现，党建引领提供了运行动力，组织再造提供了运行基础，协同治理构成了基本运行方式。以上述三项微观机制为基础，“138模式”能够为易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶提供客观条件。生产—生活双重导向与安置社区内的空间聚敛，构成“138模式”不同于其他后续帮扶方式的重要特征。最后文章提出加大政策关注力度、构建“生产—生活共同体”、开展组织建设和鼓励协同参与等政策建议，以实现易地扶贫搬迁的长期目标。

Production-Livelihood Community and the Assistance for Poverty Alleviation and Relocation:Investigation on “138 mode” of H County in Qinba Mountain Area

“Moving out”, “being able to live stably” and “being able to get rich” constitute the policy objectives of poverty alleviation and relocation. With the support of the policy, the relocation of poverty alleviation has basically completed the task of “moving out”, but in terms of sustainable development, “being able to live” and “being able to get rich” are more important. Taking the “138 mode” of H county in Qinba mountain area of Southern Shaanxi Province as an example, this thesis integrates the industrial support and community integration of relocated households into the concept of “production-livelihood community” and summarizes the micro mechanism of sustainable development of poverty alleviation and relocation communities. It is found that the leading role of Party building provides the driving force, organizational re-engineering provides the operation basis, and collaborative governance constitutes the basic operation mode. With the above three micro mechanisms, “138 model” can provide objective conditions for the sustainable development of relocated households. The dual guidance of production and life and the spatial convergence in the resettlement community constitute the important characteristics of “138 mode” which is different from other follow-up assistance methods. Finally, the thesis puts forward some policy suggestions, such as increasing policy attention, building “production-livelihood community”, carrying out organization construction and encouraging collaborative participation, to achieve the long-term goal of poverty alleviation and relocation.