新《刑事诉讼法》非法证据排除适用中的若干问题

2012年修改后《刑事诉讼法》首次对非法证据排除规则做出较为系统和详细的规定，影响非法证据排除规则适用的一些基本问题也摆到了理论和实践面前。非法证据排除规则的正确理解和准确适用，涉及何为“非法证据”、认定非法证据的证明标准是什么、哪些诉讼阶段可以审查证据合法性、审查效力如何认定，以及非法证据排除的分类等问题。对这些问题的理解关系到能否正确发挥非法证据排除规则的作用，真正规范侦查行为、减少冤假错案、保障人权。

Discussion on Problems of the Illegal Evidence Exclusion in the New“Criminal Procedural”

The revised ＂Criminal Procedural Law＂ in 2012 firstly regulated the detail illegal evidence exclusion rules systematically so as to cause some basic problems in theory and practice. A correct under-standing and accurate application of the illegal evidence elimination rules is related to what ＂illegal evi-dence＂ is, what standards of the illegal evidence are, when to review the legality of the evidence, how to judge the effectiveness, and how to classify the illegal evidence exclusion, etc. The understanding of these problems is helpful to correctly use the illegal evidence exclusion rules, specify detection behaviors, reduce the wrongs and safeguard human rights.