反垄断法上专利强制许可抗辩的德国经验与启示

为弥补专利法强制许可保护竞争的不足,德国学界与法院认可了反垄断法上专利强制许可的存在,进而在司法实践中发展出专利强制许可抗辩。专利强制许可抗辩的本质是一种特殊的利益平衡路径,不仅可协调反垄断法与知识产权法的紧张关系,有效保证专利权人与需求人之间的利益平衡,且有利于诉讼成本的节省。从权利保护的及时性及竞争秩序维护的必要性角度出发,我国应采纳专利强制许可抗辩,并完成要件的厘清。

The German Experience and Inspiration of Patent Compulsory License Defense in Antitrust Law

In order to make up for the deficiency of compulsory license protection competition in the Patent Law,German academic circles and courts have recognized the existence of compulsory license in the Antitrust law,and developed compulsory license defense in judicial practice.Its nature is a special interest balance path,which can not only coordinate the tension between Antitrust Law and Intellectual Property Law,but also effectively guarantee the interest balance between the patentee and the demander,helping to save the litigation cost.From the point of view of the timeliness of right protection and the necessity of maintaining competition order,China should adopt compulsory patent license defense and complete the clarification of the requirements.