电针“肺俞”穴对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠迷走神经放电的影响

目的 观察电针“肺俞”穴对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)大鼠迷走神经放电的影响，初步探讨针刺治疗COPD的作用机制。方法 随机将40只SD大鼠分为正常组、正常电针组、模型组、模型电针组，后两组以香烟烟熏结合脂多糖气管滴注法复制COPD模型。观察各组大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF)和血浆中乙酰胆碱（acetylcholine, ACh）的含量，并取正常电针组、模型电针组大鼠的“肺俞”穴进行即刻电针治疗，观察电针前后大鼠迷走神经放电情况。结果 与电针前比较，正常电针组和模型电针组大鼠电针后颈部左侧迷走神经放电频率、面积和幅度均显著增加（P<0.05） 模型电针组大鼠电针前后颈部左侧迷走神经放电频率、面积和幅度差值显著大于正常电针组（P<0.05）。ACh在外周血浆中含量变化为：模型组显著高于正常组（P<0.05），模型电针组显著高于正常电针组但显著低于模型组（P<0.05）。ACh在BALF中含量变化为：正常电针组显著高于正常组（P<0.05），模型电针组显著高于正常电针组和模型组（P<0.05）。结论 电针“肺俞”穴可使COPD大鼠迷走神经放电增强，并促进肺局部ACh递质的释放。

Effect of Electroacupuncture at Feishu Point on Vagus Nerve Discharge in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Feishu point on vagus nerve discharge in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the mechanism of action of acupuncture in the treatment of COPD. Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, EA normal group, model group, and EA model group. The rats in the latter two groups were treated with cigarette smoke combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide to establish the rat model of COPD. The content of acetylcholine (ACh) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma was determined. The rats in the EA normal group and the EA model group were treated with EA at Feishu point, and vagus nerve discharge was observed before and after EA.Results The EA normal group and the EA model group showed significant increases in discharge frequency, area, and amplitude of the vagus nerve in the left side of the neck after EA (P<0.05), and the EA model group showed significantly higher discharge frequency, area, and amplitude of the vagus nerve in the left side of the neck than the EA normal group (P<0.05). The model group showed a significantly higher level of ACh in the peripheral plasma than the normal group (P<0.05); the EA model group showed a significantly higher level of ACh in the peripheral plasma than the EA normal group but a significantly lower level of ACh than the model group (P<0.05). The EA normal group showed a significantly higher level of ACh in BALF than the normal group (P<0.05), and the EA model group showed a significantly higher level of ACh in BALF than the EA normal group and the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion EA at Feishu point can enhance vagus nerve discharge and promote the release of ACh in the lungs in rats with COPD.