电针对坐骨神经损伤大鼠BDNF、NGF和GAP-43表达的影响

目的 观察电针对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的保护作用,探究其作用机制。方法 取雄性SD大鼠,随机分成假手术组、模型组、电针组。除假手术组外,其他各组采用钳夹法复制坐骨神经损伤模型,2 d后对电针组大鼠“足三里”和“环跳”进行电针治疗,7 d为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程,并分别在7 d和14 d对大鼠坐骨神经功能进行评价,治疗结束后,采用免疫组织化学法对坐骨神经中脑源性神经营养因子（brain derived nerve growth factor,BDNF）、神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)和生长相关蛋白-43（growth associated protein-43,GAP-43）进行检测,同时在光镜下观察坐骨神经的病理变化。结果 与模型组比较,电针组大鼠坐骨神经功能指数（sciatic nerve function index,SFI）明显增加,最大诱发电位和神经传导速度（nerve conduction velocity,NCV）明显加快,潜伏期明显缩短。病理检查显示电针组神经纤维排列相对整齐,空泡样变性减少,可见到施万细胞的增殖。坐骨神经中BDNF、NGF和GAP-43表达明显上调。结论 电针治疗能促进大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复,可能与其上调BDNF、NGF和GAP-43表达有关。

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Expression of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nerve Growth Factor, and Growth-associated Protein-43 in Rats with Sciatic Nerve Injury

Objective To investigate the protective effect of electroacupuncture in rats with sciatic nerve injury and possible mechanisms. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, and electroacupuncture group. The rats in the model group and electroacupuncture group were treated with clamp technique to establish a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. Two days later, the rats in the electroacupuncture group were given electroacupuncture at "Zusanli" and "Huantiao" points for 2 courses of treatment (7 days per course of treatment), and the function of the sciatic nerve was assessed on days 7 and 14 of treatment. After the treatment ended, immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) in the sciatic nerve, the pathological changes of the sciatic nerve were observed under a light microscope. Results Compared with the model group, the electroacupuncture group had significant increases in sciatic nerve function index, maximum evoked potential, and nerve conduction velocity and a significant reduction in latency period. Pathological examination showed well arranged nerve fibers, reduced vacuolar degeneration, proliferation of Schwann cells, and significantly upregulated expression of BDNF, NGF, and GAP-43 in the electroacupuncture group. Conclusion Electroacupuncture may promote the repair of sciatic nerve injury in rats, possibly by upregulating the expression of BDNF, NGF, and GAp-43.