环境公益诉讼检察权的双重职能定位与优化路径

环境公益诉讼对检察权行使具有重大意义。民事环境公益诉讼中检察权的奠定主要依托公共信托理论和"私人检察总长"理论。在功能上,检察机关代表国家行使的检察监督权可区分为"社会治理性监督"与"公权制约性监督"两大类,可承担并行双重职能。从原则上来看,需要优化检察权双重职能,其重心是职能分设与协同运作、内嵌构造与外部联运以及适度扩张与依法谦抑。就结果而言,应当以二者的不同职能性质为切入点,以民事环境公益诉讼程序为主线,厘清二者不同的具体职能分工,同时优化二者并行的节点性问题,形成合理的协作并行架构。

Positioning and Optimizing Path for the Dual Functions of Prosecutorial Power in Environmental Public Interest Litigation

Environmental public interest litigation is of great significance to the exercise of procuratorial power.The establishment of procuratorial power in civil litigation involving environment public interest mainly relies on the theory of public trust and the theory of"private chief prosecutor".In terms of functions,the power of procuratorial supervision exercised by procuratorial organs on behalf of the state can be divided into two categories:"social governance supervision"and"public power restriction supervision",and can assume dual functions in parallel.In principle,it is necessary to optimize the dual functions of procuratorial power.The focus is on function separation and coordinated operation,built-in structure and external connected operation,and moderate expansion and legal restraint.In regard to the result,the different functional nature of the two should be taken as the entry point,and the civil environmental public interest litigation procedure should be the main line to clarify the different specific functional divisions of the two.At the same time,we need to optimize the node problems of the two in parallel,and form a reasonable collaboration architecture for the parallel functions.