对“效率与公平”的历史唯物主义人本学研究

效率与公平的统一问题是西方社会科学的"斯芬克斯之迷".效率和公平的对立源于西方文化传统中的理性人预设不能辩证地历史地分析人.按照唯物史观"现实的个人"之人本维度理解效率与公平,则效率在终极意义上是个人能力(创造性)的发展和发挥,公平在其终极意义上是个人能力的发展和发挥的前提条件和保障,两者是历史地统一的,统一于人的发展和社会的制度设计.

Rediscovery of Efficiency and Fairness from the Viewpoint of "Individual in Reality"

The dilemma of the relationship between efficiency and fairness, standing as the riddle of Sphinx, results from the presupposition that human being is a rational creature, and thus from the failure of analyzing dialectically human being except that of Marx. " Individuals in Reality can be perceived as the u-nity of individualized capacities, needs and mentality. Therefore, efficiency can be defined ultimately as performance of individual capacities and fairness as material support and mental guarantee to it, and their relationship remains historically consistent.