接点治理：理解国家与农民关系的新视角——以鄂西北王村为例

税费改革之前，国家通过接点治理的形式来处理与农民的关系，接点治理是指国家利用乡村组织等体制性中介和乡村社会体制外精英进行治理的方式。接点治理的有效性在于其同时具备了国家政权赋予的合法性和地方社会赋予的认同感。接点治理经历了三种模式，集体时期的吸纳模式、税费时期的授权模式和后税费时期的结合模式。税费改革后，国家试图绕开基层组织以实现与农民直接对接，接点治理转变为直接治理，带来了混混等灰黑势力进入乡村和基层治理内卷化的危机。

Junction Governance:A New Perspective for Perceiving the Relationship between the State and Peasants

Before the Tax and fee reform,the country handled the relationship with peasants through junction governance.The Junction governance refers to a governance style in which the country takes advantage of the rural organizations and the elites outside the system in rural society to govern.The effectiveness of the Junction governance is that it possesses the legality awarded by the state power and the identity endowed by the local society in the same time.The Junction governance undergoes three modes: absorbing mode in collectivization period,authorization mode in Tax and fees period,combination mode in post-era of tax and fee reform.After the Taxation Reform,the country attempts to bypass the rural grass-roots organizations,and promote the Junction governance transform into direct governance.As a result,the Gangland entered the rural society and the rural governance confronted the involution crisis.