预备行为实行化的正当性分析——基于准备实施恐怖活动罪的思考

准备实施恐怖活动罪自设立以来就面临着质疑与批判。通过其规制立场、理论依据以及司法认定中面临的问题,可以更深刻、更全面地看待这一问题。面对严峻的反恐形势,基于法益保护的前置化立场,预备行为的实行化有其必然性和合理性,而实质预备犯与敌人刑法的概念也为其提供了理论基础,但不可否认,独立预备犯在司法认定中面临着兜底条款的应用、证明责任的加大、为他人实施犯罪的预备行为的处理等方面的问题。同时,由于其在客观上扩大了刑法规制范围,所以在对该罪预备行为和教唆、帮助实施该罪行为的认定上应当注重实质判断。

Legitimacy of Preparation Implementation based on Analysis of Preparation for Terrorism Crime

Preparation for terrorism crime has been questioned and criticized since its establishment.Only by sorting out its regulatory stance,theoretical basis and problems in judicial recognition can we view this issue more deeply and comprehensively.In the face of the severe anti-terrorism situation,the implementation of preparatory behavior has its inevitability and rationality for preposition protection of legal interests.The concept of substantive preparatory and Feindstrafrecht also provide theoretical bases.It is undeniable that the preparatory offender faces problems including the application of catch-all clauses,heavier proof burden,and the handling of preparation for others’crimes in the judicial determination.At the same time,because it objectively expands the scope of the criminal law regulation,its conviction should focus on substantive judgment in distinguishing implementation,incitement or assistance of the crime.