劳动公益诉讼:劳动公益权保护困境的出路

劳动权从狭义的工作权到广义劳动权,从个别劳动权到集体劳动权,其已发展为一个内容丰富的、综合性的权利体系。劳动者的权利结构中,除劳动者个人权利外,还存在着劳动公益权,其享有和受益者是现代工业社会的整个劳动者阶层,而非某个或某些特定的人,其往往由工会组织来具体行使,且在特征上具有明显的社会权属性和强烈的公益属性。现有非诉机制对劳动公益权保护的乏力和传统诉讼机制对劳动公益权保护的局限性导致劳动公益权困境的存在,分析公益诉讼的优势所在,并提出劳动公益诉讼制度,从原告资格、受案范围和举证责任方面尝试构建。

Labor Commonweal Litigation:Solution to Dilemma of Labor Public Right Protection

From the working right of narrow sense to labor right of broad sense, from individual labor right to col- lective labor right,it has developed into a compressive right system with abundant contents. In the right structure of laborer,besides the individual fight ,there is also the public interest right of labor. The beneficiary is the whole laborer level in modem industrial society, rather than some special or certain people. The right is usually exer- cised by trade union organization and its characteristic takes on obvious properties of social right and public in- terest. The insufficient protection of non-litigation mechanism for public interest right of labor and limitation of traditional litigation mechanism causes the dilemma of public interest right of labor. Author of this paper analyzed the advantage of public interest litigation, brought forward litigation system of labor interest, and attempted to construct it from qualification of accuser, scope of accepting cases and responsibility of testification.