枪弹创后置物射出口形态学的实验研究

为建立后置物射出口与射入口的检验鉴定方法，使用国产五四式7．62mm口径手枪及五六式7．62mm口径半自动步枪，以5米的距离射击约克夏种白猪18只，同时以木板、水泥板、玻璃及衣服等作为射出口衬垫物，制成后置物射出口56例，并与对照组12例射出口进行对比观察。结果表明，射出口与后置物距离在3cm以内均可出现创缘伸展轮及皮下出血，且与后置物质地及距离成正比。根据其形态分为典型及非典型两类，并建立了此类射出口的检验方法及其与射入口鉴别的依据，有助于法医在实际检验中对射击方向的判断。

Experimental study on the morphology of the shored exit gunshot wounds

For the purpose of identifying the gunshot shored exit wound from the entrance wound, 56 shored exit wounds were made on 18 Yorkshine pigs by shooting woth 7. 62mm pisol type 54 and 7. 62mm semiautomatic rifle type 56 at a distance of 5 meters using the boards, cementplanks, sheet glass, and clothes as thd lining of the exit wounds,12 exit wounds without the lining were made as control. The results showed that the extension collars and subcutaneous hemorrhages were formed around the shored exit wounds when the distance between the exit wounds and the shored substances were within 3 meters. The severity of the extension collars and the subcutaneous hemorrhages were directly related to the quality of the shored substances and the distances between the exit wounds and the shored substances. It was found that there were two types of shored exit wounds, typical and atypical. This study provides a method for identifying the shored exit wound from entrance wound and for estimating the direction of shooting.