司法鉴定机构等级管理基本问题论纲

虽然目前对司法鉴定机构采用司法行政部门的行政管理和司法鉴定行业协会的自律管理相结合的方式进行。但司法实践中，司法鉴定行业依然存在重复鉴定、缠鉴闹鉴、少数鉴定机构随意出具鉴定意见等乱象：另外，不少鉴定机构，尤其是技术水平较低的鉴定机构。不是从改善仪器设备、优化人员结构等方面提高自身素质，而是通过不正当竞争获取一定的检案量，对司法鉴定发展产生阻碍。对此，建立、完善司法鉴定等级管理制度能够在一定程度上有效缓解上述问题。在此之前，应当明晰司法鉴定机构等级管理的内涵、明确建立鉴定机构等级管理的必要性、确立鉴定机构等级管理的原则等有关基本问题；同时，对不同资质等级的鉴定机构出具的鉴定意见的证据效力以及受案范围应当予以特别重视．在防止不同资质等级鉴定机构之间产生“行政层级”上的服从与被服从关系的基础上．以确保鉴定的质量和效率。

Basic Issues on Level Management of Forensic Institutions

Although the current forensic organizations are under the administration of judicial administration and the selfregu lation of forensic industry associations, in judicial practice there still exist problems of repeated forensic identification, irra tional complain, casual issuance of expert opinions by some appraisal institutions. Besides, some appraisal institutions, espe cially lowerlevel appraisal institutions, do not improve themselves through optimizing the personnel structure and other as pects, but try to attract cases by unfair competition. In this regard, the establishment and improvement of level management can effectively reduce the problems mentioned above. We should first clarify the relevant issues, such as the connotation of level management of forensic institutions, the need to establishing level management, and the principle of level management and so on. At the same time, we should pay special attention to the credibility of forensic reports issued by different level forensic in stitutions and the scope of cases accepted by different level forensic institutions. We should improve the quality and efficiency of forensic appraisal under the principle of preventing executive levels of subordinations in the relationship between forensic institutions.