论知识产权对贸易自由的非结构障碍及克服

知识产权与贸易自由共生于市场，市场主体的竞争行为一方面产生了财产制度的需求，另一方面也产生交易行为秩序的需求。知识产权的发展，始终围绕着扩大贸易自由这一直接目标。但在践行目标时，由于市场资源配置的失灵，知识产权制度自身产生了阻碍贸易自由的非结构性障碍：权利扩张进程中民主程序的缺位以致共识文化断裂、私权与公共资源对抗、市场竞争秩序削弱。对此，强调公共利益原则、完善政策性制度设计、构建对话协商的政治机制无疑是重要且可行的，而“天下”思维的导入则有利于打开所述障碍的思想困境并寻求解决路径。

The Non-institutional Barrier to Trade Liberalization Caused by Intellectual Property and Its Solution

Intellectual property and the trade liberalization originated from the market. In the historical evolution of intellectual property rights, the trade liberalization always has been the direct target which inspired market participants to innovate. However, due to the existence of market failure, the intellectual property system led some non-institutional barriers to the trade liberalization： the failure of democratic processes; plundering the public resources; weakening and restricting competition. Based on the premise that these flaws in the system would be patched, the principle of public interest, the consummation of the policy-type system, the construction of political dialog mechanism would be definitely important and feasible. Moreover, the thought of ＇＂ all-under-heaven＂ which takes root deeply in the Chinese Confucianism traditional culture is inducted in this paper to provide a way out of the thought predicament and seek the solution.