海难救助的性质与法律适用

对于如何认识海难救助的性质，目前存在不同的学术观点，海难救助可根据不同标准划分为不同种类。强制救助的形式属于行政救助，具有强制性和公法的性质；契约救助和雇佣合同救助则具有合同的性质；纯救助则具有无因管理的性质。因此，笔者认为，应该根据不同类型海难救助种类来解决海难救助法律冲突，根据它们不同的性质确定所适用的准据法。目前，我国《海商法》和相关法律规范对海难救助的法律适用原则和规则并没有作出明确的规定．亟待填补这一法律空白。

The Legal Nature and Legal Application on Maritime Salvage

At present, there are different opinions on how to define the legal nature of maritime salvage According to different criteria, maritime salvage can be divided into different types. Compulsory administrative assistance is a kind of public law; contract aid possesses the nature of contract, and pure aid is voluntary service. The conflict of laws shall be resolved according to different types of maritime salvage and the application of law shall be based on the nature of maritime salvage. Presently, the maritime law and other relevant laws fail to define the principles and rules of legal application on maritime salvage, which is a vacancy to be filled up.