基本权利限制问题的思考框架

对基本权利限制问题的思考,可以遵循"基本权利的构成--基本权利的限制--基本权利限制的违宪阻却事由"三个思考层次.在第一个层次中确定基本权利的保障范围和基本权利主体,其中需要分析基本权利的内在界限和基本权利的竞合等问题;在第二个层次确定国家对基本权利限制的认定标准;在第三个层次确定该限制行为是否有违宪阻却事由的存在,并依此作出该限制行为合宪或违宪的判断.在这一层次需要分析法律保留、比例原则、基本权利的本质内容等问题.以上三个层次构成了基本权利限制问题的思考框架.

Thinking Frame of Constitution of Fundamental Rights

To analyze the question of limits to fundamental rights,we can use a three-factor framework:con- stitution of fundamental fights-limits to fundamental fights-justification bar of uneonstitutionalilty.This framework will help to research those problems such as subject of fundamental rights,the internal limits theory,the review standards, the essence of fundamental rights,and so on.The question of limits to fundamental rights will be clarified by such a sim- ple framework.