教育机会均等概念的跨文化分析

"教育机会均等"是学校教育制度正式形成之后出现的一个重要概念,各国教育学者对其概念内涵的分析均受到其所在国家社会文化背景的影响.英国学者强调无论是贵族子弟还是平民子弟,都应该享受同样优质的教育,而且政府还应该对平民子弟给予补偿教育,以达到教育结果的机会均等.美国学者强调无论儿童出身于何种民族及背景,都应该接受同样质量的教育,尽可能地减少教育机会的不均等.中国学者认为以中国现有的经济社会文化发展水平,应尽量减少儿童在入学机会方面的地区差异和阶层差异.

A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Concept of Equality of Educational Opportunity

Although the concept "the equality of educational opportunity" is formed in education system in all countries, educational scholars themselves are all under the influence of their national social culture background when they analyze the concept content. The English scholars emphasize whether nobility's posterity or civilian's posterity enjoy the high-quality education and the government therefore should implement the education for civilian's posterity to attain the equal opportunity. Scholars in the United States stress that, regardless of children's race and backgrounds, they should accept the education of the same quality and be denied no equality of the educational opportunity. The Chinese scholars think with the current and economic social culture in China, narrowing the gap between children that stems from different regions and different social stratum should be a priority.