论不作为过错的侵权责任

作为过错与不作为过错的区分是现代过错侵权行为法的基础 ,因为 ,过错侵权行为法不应要求他人承担积极作为的义务 ,而仅能要求他人承担消极不作为的义务。因此 ,法律可责令行为人就其积极作为的过错承担侵权责任 ,而不应责令行为人就其不作为的行为承担侵权责任。在确立不作为不承担过错侵权责任的原则的同时 ,现代法律亦对这一原则作某些例外的限制 ,认为在这些例外情况下 ,行为人应当承担积极作为的义务 ,如果他们违反这些义务并导致他人损害 ,应当承担侵权责任。

On Non-Act Tort Liability

To distinguish tort by negligence from tort by not acting is the basis in modern tort by negligence. Tort by negligence do not obligate people to act actively but only obligate people not to act,. Therefore law can only impose liability upon actor's for his/her negligence by active act but not for not act. While setting up this principle at law, modern law can also provide some exceptions as limits to application of the principle. In the exceptional circumstances, actors should be obligated to act actively, otherwise and cause tort to somebody, they should- be-actor will be liable.