论土地资源生态补偿

生态补偿包括国家通过征收环境资源税以保证政府提供土地资源生态产品的公共服务职能;亦包括对因公共利益(生态保护)的需要而受到损失或者付出经济代价的人给予公正的补偿。土地资源生态补偿必须贯彻一种整体主义的生态补偿观。就我国现行的土地资源生态补偿立法和制度运作而言,其现实可行的模式只能是政府主导型。土地资源环境资源税收以生态受益者对国家所进行的环境经济行为机会成本进行补偿为征收标准;土地资源公益征收性质的生态补偿应当贯彻以被征收人生活水平不低于征收前为补偿标准,其补偿范围包括法律规范所规定并予以救济的维生上的财产性不利益和非财产性不利益。

On the Ecological Compensation of Land Resource

The ecological compensation includes the levy on environmental resources tax which embodies the public service functions of the government to provide products of land resources and the equal reimbursement for people who suffer from loss in the public interests. The zoological reimbursement of land resources should meet the standard of wholeness in the respect of zoological reimbursement. As far as the current regulation application in this field of China is concerned, the sole applicable model is that led by governments. The land and resources environment tax should be levied according to the repayment of beneficiaries to the state for the cost of chances of environmental economic action; zoological reimbursement in the nature of public expropriation of land resources should comply with the principle that living standards of expropriated parties must not be lower than that before expropriation; the scope of reimbursement includes the losses of property and non-property related to the needs of living regulated and relieved by the law.