从第三部门组织到行政诉讼被告——社会公务的司法监督路径

第三部门组织是具有组织性、非政府性、非营利性、公务性的社会公共服务组织,具有行政主体资格。由于行政主体资格对于行政诉讼被告资格的确立具有相当的意义,第三部门组织在运用权力组织公务时也因此获得行政诉讼被告资格。而对于个案而言,被告的最终确立还有赖于形式与实质相结合的规则与推定规则,同时运用司法权衡来判定。

From the Third Sector Organizations to the Defendants in Administrative Litigation

The third sector organizations, which are public service organizations with characters of organization, non-government, non-profit and public service, have the qualification of administrative subject. Therefore, the third sector organizations qualify defendants in administrative litigation when they act with public power, because the qualification of administrative subject plays a critical role in defendant qualification. As to individual case, the definition of defendant qualification relies finally on both substantial and formal rules and also deducing rules, and judged by judicial discretion.