非诉行政执行制度若干问题探讨

非诉行政执行是我国行政强制制度的重要组成部分,该制度自《行政诉讼法》规定以来,虽不断发展,但在制度规范和实践操作中均存在诸多问题,需要进一步完善。突出地表现在因基本依据之间的矛盾、裁执分离模式处境尴尬等导致的模式不定,需要明确。因法院内部在立案、审查、执行各阶段机构不一;法院对于撤回执行申请的处理不统一;法院对非诉行政执行裁定书送达主体不清、程序不明等造成程序上的混乱,需要整合。因法院审查方式不明确;法院审查标准难以把握;法院审查后果的多样化等而产生的审查不清,需要规范。因权利人申请执行的具体行政行为范围过窄,条件不具体;未赋予被执行人对非诉行政执行裁定书的救济权而表现出的保障救济不足,需要弥补。

Discussion on Several Problems of Non-litigation Administrative Enforcement

Being a major integral part of the administrative enforcement system, the non-litigation administrative enforcement experiences continuous development since its birth from the Administrative Procedure Law although, it still exists many problems in institutional norms and practical operation, requiring further improvement. Particularly, the mode uncertainty, being caused by the conflict among fundamental basis and the awkward condition of adjudication and enforcement separation, needs clarification. And, many need integration, i.e. the different organs of filing, review and enforcement within the court, the disunity of enforcement withdraw application treatment, the unclear delivery subject and process of nonlitigation administrative rulings, etc. Moreover, unclear review caused by uncertain method, different criteria interpretation, diverse results, etc., needs regulation. Last but not the least, some need addition, i.e. specific conditions when the applied specific administrative behavior scope is too narrow, the related relieffor the third party.