对条约在国际法中的地位、缺陷与发展趋势问题的探讨

在今天 ,随着国际社会各个成员之间的相互联系、相互依赖程度的不断加深 ,条约在国际法和国际关系中占有重要地位。可以说 ,一部国际法的产生和发展的历史 ,同时也是一部条约产生和发展的历史。由于条约具有能够快速、及时、明确地确定各类国际法主体之间的权利和义务关系的优点 ,条约已经成为当代国际法上的最重要的渊源。另外 ,条约不但是国际法主体参与国际关系和进行国际交换的主要工具 ,而且成为国际法主体解决彼此之间各种争端的必不可少的法律工具。最后 ,条约争端的解决机制既是对现行国际争端解决机制的发展 ,又有利于维护国际社会的和平与安全。但是 ,另一方面 ,不可否认的是 ,条约也存在诸多不大可能克服的缺陷 ,如条约的非普遍性、条约执行的非自动性以及条约往往不能得到很好的遵守和执行等等。

The Discussion on the Status, Limitations and Developmental Trends of Treaty in International Law

Today, treaty plays a very important role in the contemporary international law, we even can say that its status is fundamental. The principal reasons of saying so are: firstly, in a sense, the history of the treaty's emerging and developing at the same time is the history of the international law's emerging and developing; secondly, the treaty, as the most important source of international law, constitutes the fundamental frame and regime of the contemporary international law; finally, nowadays, treaty has become a basic manner and method of the subject of international law in interactions in international relations. But at the same time, the treaty has its flaws, such as its non- universality, non-automaticity of the enforcement, non-compliance, and so on.