“不合规”规划许可合法性审查的检视与司法空间政策的形成

“不合规”是不符合国家强制性标准的简约表达,我国各地法院对于“不合规”规划许可是否合法的裁决并不一致。国家强制性标准具有法律约束力,把公法意义上对“不合规”规划许可的合法性审查转化为私法意义上对居民是否获得侵权补偿的审查是不妥的,认定“有补偿则合法”实际进行了“超越法律的法的续造”,会产生负外部性效果,因而在公法层面上“不合规”则不合法的判断模式是成立的。为适度发挥司法空间政策形成功能,可确认经补偿之“不合规”许可违法而不予撤销,并制度性激活反向征收作为补救措施,为城市持续发展服务。

On the Legal Review of Planning Permission for Non-compliance with National Mandatory Standards and the Formation of Judicial Space Policy

“Non-compliance”is a simple expression for the“Non-compliance with national mandatory standards”.In practice,results of the legal review of non-compliant planning permissions still lack consistency.Mandatory standards should be observed,because National mandatory standards are legally binding,and the court would be actually“making law beyond existing laws”for the judgment that the“non-compliance”planning permission is legal after the tort compensation for residents,which could potentially cause a significant negative external effect.The judicial system should give proper play to the function of policy formation,apply the confirmation of illegal judgment to the compensated“non-compliance”planning permission and institutionally activate remedial measures such as inverse condemnation.In this way,the court should serve the sustainable development of cities.