论我国自动驾驶汽车侵权责任体系的构建——德国《道路交通法》的修订及其借鉴

针对自动驾驶汽车可能带来的法律问题,德国立法者在坚持既有的机动车侵权责任框架和归责传统的同时,还针对自动驾驶汽车的准入以及驾驶人的权利义务等问题,对德国《道路交通法》进行了修订。按照我国侵权责任理论框架来处理自动驾驶汽车侵权问题,会出现责任主体认定模糊、过错判断标准滞后、归责原则混杂等困境。通过对德国理论的分析与借鉴,针对我国自动驾驶汽车侵权问题,有必要重新解读相关规定、明确缺陷认定标准、尽快制定专门的法律规范。

Construction of China's Autonomous Vehicle Tort Liability System--Revision of the German Road Traffic Law and Its Reference

According to the existing theoretical framework of tort liability in our country,to regulate the infringement of autonomous vehicles,there will be problems such as vague identification of the responsible subject,lagging fault judgment standards,and mixed liability principles.While adhering to the existing traditional motor vehicle infringement liability framework and tradition of liability,German legislators also revised the German Road Traffic Law in response to issues such as the access of autonomous vehicles and the rights and obligations of drivers.Through the analysis and reference of German theories,it is necessary to reinterpret the relevant regulations,clarify the defect identification standards,and formulate special legal regulations as soon as possible in response to the infringement of autonomous vehicles in my country.