民法上支配权与请求权的不同逻辑构成——兼论人格权请求权之独立性

请求权是特定人之间的法律关系在逻辑上的必然安排。救济关系系在特定人之间展开,所以救济权必然表现为一种请求权。救济权这一性质的确立,标志着民事责任制度由公法向私法的回归。救济权分为退出式请求与割让式请求,因而包括人格权在内的支配权保护之立法,存在着两种抽象方式：一种是以“救济权的性质”为抽象的方式,导致支配权请求权在法律制度上的独立;另一种是以"救济权的内容"为抽象方式,导致支配权请求权存在于侵权责任制度之中,从而丧失独立性。在后一种立法模式之下,支配权请求权的概念和理论上的独立性以及由此产生的逻辑关系和规则原理,在统一的侵权责任制度下仍应有所体现。

The Different Logic Composition of Dominion and Claim in Civil Law

The claim is logically the necessary arrangement of the legal relations between certain persons. As relief relation takes place between certain persons,the relief will inevitably represent itself as a kind of claim. The affirmance of this nature of relief emblematizes the regress of civil liability system from public law to private law. The relief is divided into "retreating" claim and "ceding" claim,thus,the legislation of dominion protection including the right of personality has two sorts of abstract paths: one is "the nature of relief",which leads to the institutional independence of "claim for dominion",the other is "the content of relief",which brings the "claim for dominion" into the "tort law" system,hence loses its institutional independence. Under the later legislation mode, the theoretical and conceptive independence of "claim for dominion",and the corresponding logical relationship and principle doctrine should also be embodied in the uniform "tort liability" system.