物流企业质押监管业务的法律分析

物流企业所提供的质押监管业务是中国近年来快速发展的由商业银行借助物流企业的服务能力而开发的新型的动产担保模式。根据业务实践,归纳出三种类型的质押监管模式,重点对输出质押监管合法性及内在缺陷进行了探讨,分析了物流企业的义务与责任:物流企业的身份是委托法律关系下的受托人,代表银行占有质物,实现质权的设定与存续,在输出监管模式下,物流企业通过"共同控制、共同占有"的方式实现质权的设定与存续;保管义务是物流企业所承接的质权人——银行的法定义务,仅存在于自营仓库内的质押监管业务;物流企业对银行承担监管、受托义务,并对因其过错给银行造成的损失承担相应补充责任。

Legal analysis of pledge supervision business in logistics enterprises

The pledge supervision business provided by logistics enterprises is a new movable-secured mode with rapid development in recent years in China,which is developed by commercial banks upon the service capabilities of logistics enterprises.Based on the business practices,this article summarizes three types of pledge supervision modes,in one of which the article puts emphasis on the legitimacy and inherent risks in respect of the clients or third-party operating warehouses.The article also analyses the duty and responsibility of the logistics enterprises that the identity of logistics enterprises is an agent under commission contract relationship,which possesses the pledge on behalf of the banks in order to create and sustain the pledge interest.In the model of pledge supervision in respect of the clients or third-party operating warehouses,the logistics enterprises create and sustain the pledge interest by way of joint control and joint possession.The duty of safekeeping is that the logistics enterprises accept the legal duty of the pledgee transferred from the banks,which only exists in the pledge supervision mode of self-operating warehouse.The logistics enterprises undertake supervisory and agent obligation to the banks,and take the corresponding supplementary liability to the banks for the losses caused by their fault.