论涉台海事案件直接适用国际海事公约

中国涉台海事案件类比涉外案件处理。当中国为国际海事公约缔约国时,公约在涉台海事案件中有直接适用之余地。国际海事公约的直接适用以该公约与国内法存在冲突或者国内法缺失相关规定为前提,当公约与国内法规定相一致时,则适用国内法。同时,应区分私法和公法性质的国际海事公约,私法性质的国际海事公约能够直接适用,而公法性质的国际海事公约其直接适用的范围以技术条款为限。当中国为非公约缔约国之时,因国际海事公约的效力及于非缔约国,因此通过冲突规范的指引,国际海事公约也可以适用于涉台海事案件。

On direct application of the international maritime convention to maritime cases concerning Taiwan

Taiwan-related maritime cases are analogical with foreign-related cases in China.The international maritime convention can be directly applied to Taiwan-related maritime cases once China is one of the parties to the convention.Direct application of international maritime convention is on the premise of existing conflicts or lacking of relevant provisions with domestic laws,which shall be applied when they are consistent.Meanwhile,we should distinguish the private and public international maritime conventions,private conventions can be directly applied,while the public ones should be in the limit of technical terms.The effectiveness of international maritime convention is extended to non-contracting countries;therefore,due to the direction of conflict rules,it shall be applied to Taiwan-related maritime cases even if China is not the contracting party of the convention.