中国海洋环境立法的完善——以综合生态系统管理为视角

综合生态系统管理是以生态系统为基础，以生态系统的健康和可持续利用为目标，强调协调与合作的一种全新的、快速发展的管理理念和管理模式。海洋与湿地、森林并称为地球三大生态系统，具有重大的经济价值、社会价值和生态价值。目前，海洋生态系统管理在一系列国际、国内海洋环境立法及政策中得以直接规定或间接体现。中国海洋环境立法应以综合生态系统管理为指导，转变立法理念，完善法律体系，理顺海洋环境管理体制，重视多种管理机制及手段的综合运用，以适应中国海洋生态保护的需要。

On the improvement of marine environment legislation in China --.from the perspective of integrated ecosystem management

Integrated ecosystem management is a new and rapid developing management idea and method,which is based on ecosystem, and targets at the healthy and sustainable development of ecosystem. Ocean, wetlands and forests are known as the three major ecosystems, which have significant economical, social and ecological value. Nowadays, the idea of the management of marine ecosystem has been regulated directly or embodied indirectly in a series of international and domestic marine envi- ronment legislations and policies. Thus, the idea of integrated ecosystem management should be used as a guide to improve marine environment legislations in China. The following points should be paid more attention to： first, legislative concept should be changed. Second, the legal system should be improved. Third, management system should be rationalized, and a va- riety of adjustment mechanisms should be used.