积极的一般预防

报应主义固守正义面缺乏保护社会的灵活性,一般预防重视秩序而有主张专断、残暴之嫌,特殊预防则专注于科学地矫治罪犯而排斥了正义。学者们的各种刑罚一体论模式都实际上并未将三者统一。刑罚根据的统一只有在将刑法系统看作社会大系统的一个有机组成部分、受制于社会大系统的情况下才有可能。根据社会的机能的立场,刑法只保证一点,即与认为规范是无效的意义表达相对抗。刑罚清楚地使犯罪成为一种不值得学习的行为。积极的一般预防理论是建立在刑罚以忠诚于法的市民为对象的基础之上的。报应论、一般预防论和特殊预防论三者只是对刑罚根据的外在表现的揭示。在对这三者的具体分析中可以看到它们内在地统一于积极的一般预防之中。

Active Ordinary Prevention

Retributionism insists on justice and is lack of the flexibility to protect society,while ordinary prevention emphasizes order and advocates arbitrary decision and cruelty.Special prevention focuses on educating criminals scientifically and repels justice.Most scholars advocate the unity of punishment which actually does not unite retributionism,ordinary prevention and special prevention.Only when the system of criminal law is regarded as an organic part of social system and subject to the social system,it is possible that the foundation of punishment is united.According to the function of society,criminal law only guarantees that regulation is effective.Punishment makes it clear that crime is not worth learning.Active ordinary prevention theory is based on loyalty to law.The theory of retribution,ordinary prevention and special prevention is just an external manifest of foundation of punishment.According to a concrete analysis of the theory,an internal unity can be seen in active ordinary prevention.