刑法文化对犯罪预防控制的影响——从四种刑法文化类型进行的分析

刑法文化是一个国家的文化在刑法领域的显现,是刑法规范、相关法律设施等外化法律实体的内在精神部分,具体地表现在一个国家的犯罪观和刑罚观上.刑法文化反映和指导着一个国家的刑事政策,决定着犯罪的预防控制措施和刑事司法,并直接影响和决定着犯罪预防控制所采取的方式方法、模式以及犯罪预防控制体系的构建.不同类型的刑法文化孕育出不同的犯罪预防控制模式,不同类型的刑法文化中犯罪预防控制的指导思想、理论依据、所采用的方式、体系也是不同的.通过对重刑主义、工具主义、泛道德主义、泛刑主义四类刑法文化类型的分析,我们可以观察到不同刑法文化理念对犯罪预防控制产生的具体影响.

Criminal Prevention and Control Guided by Criminal Culture Idea——Analysis of four types of criminal culture

The criminal culture embodies the culture of one country in criminal field and the internal spirit of the external legal entity such as criminal regulations and relevant legal facilities,which concretely finds expression in the criminal idea and criminal punishment idea of the country.The criminal culture represents and guides the criminal policy;decides the measure of criminal prevention and control and criminal justice;and directly affects and decides the method and mode of criminal prevention and control,as well as the building of the criminal prevention and control system.Since different types of criminal culture gestate different modes of criminal prevention and control,the guiding idea,theoretical foundation,operational manner and system of which differ under the disparate culture.The analysis of the four types of criminal culture including doctrine of severe punishment,doctrine of tools,doctrine of pan-moral and doctrine of pan-penalty shows the specific influence to the criminal prevention and control from dissimilar criminal culture idea.