法律起源的进化生物学解释

法律起源研究是观察和探讨一切现代法律现象的前提,是法理学的基础问题之一。不同法学流派以及哲学、人类学、社会学或心理学等学科都对这一问题提出了不同的解释,但至今无法取得基本共识。如果仍然局限于传统研究范式,其研究取得重大进展的可能性已经不大。生物进化既包括有机体进化,也包括文化进化,二者均为进化生物学的研究对象。法律是一种文化现象,而文化现象至少1400万年前就已在生物界中出现并进化至今,因此法律必定脱胎于文化进化史的某个阶段,这就为在法律起源问题研究中引入进化生物学范式提供了可能。

The Retrospect and Prospect of Studies on the Origin of Law and the Feasibility of Introducing an Evolutionary Paradigm

The study on the origin of law constitutes the premises of observing and discussing all modern legal phenomena and becomes one of the basic issues in jurisprudence.Although many interpretations on this issue have been put forward both from different schools within jurisprudence and from such disciplines as philosophy,anthropology,sociology and psychology,there have been not a consensus to be reached by now.It will be fairly impossible to make significant progress if we are still confined to these traditional research paradigms.Since biological evolution comprises both organic evolution and cultural evolution which are two objects of study for evolutionary biology.Since law is one of cultural phenomena which emerged in the biological world at least fourteen millions years ago and have evolved to this day,law is sure to originate in one particular phase of the history of cultural evolution,which makes it possible for us to introduce evolutionary paradigm into the study on the origin of law.