从自然正义到正当法律程序——兼论我国行政程序立法中的"法律思想移植"

自然正义作为英国普通法上的一个重要概念,具有演绎出来的两大规则,即“任何人都不得在自己的案件中充当法官”和“任何人为自己的辩护应当被公平听取”,构成了正当法律程序的核心内容,成为美国宪法的一个重要条款。正当法律程序在行政法领域中催生了行政程序法;没有正当法律程序的理念,就难以有行政程序法。即使有了行政程序法,其实效也可能不会太好。我国在制定行政程序法的过程中,应当重视“自然正义”法律思想的移植,引导并逐步推进“正当法律程序”在司法实践中的运用。

On form Natural Justice to Due Process——The Transplantation of Legal Thoughts on the Legistation of Administrative

As an important concept in Common Law,Natural Justice has two principles: "no one shall be judged in his own case","hear the other side",which are the core of Due Process,a key clause of Constitution of U.S.Applying Due Process in administrative law is Administrative Procedural law.No concept of Due Process,no Administrative Procedural Law.When making out the Administrative Procedural Law,we should focus on the idea of Natural Justice,and improve the application of Due Process.