实行过限之构成及其判定标准

在实行过限状态下，存在两个犯罪行为：基本行为和过限行为。基本行为的构成要件为：共犯关系、实行行为、实行故意；过限行为的构成要件为：行为主体的同一性、时空场域的密接性、主观犯意的超出性。实行过限的判定标准应当有不同的等级层次。在立法领域，应当坚持超出共同故意说，此为一般判定标准；在司法领域，应当坚持实质改变说，此为具体判定标准。

Study on the Constitution and Criterion of Excessive Crime

There exist two criminal offences under the state outside a joint enterprise: a basic behavior and an excessive behavior.The constitutive elements of the former include: a relationship of complicity,a constitutive act and a constitutive intent.The latter enclose: an identical actor,a close-knit scene and a different intent.It is suggested that the criteria should be hierarchical to decide whether an offence is outside a joint enterprise.That is,in the area of legislation a doctrine of excessive intent(general criterion) should be adopted as well as in the area of judiciary a doctrine of substantive change(specific criterion) should be adopted.