论民事再审程序的改革

我国的再审程序蕴涵着两种深层冲突 ,即“实事求是 ,有错必纠”原则与生效裁判稳定性之间的冲突 ,以及审判监督权的扩张与当事人诉权、处分权行使之间的冲突。关于再审制度改革应废除法院依职权决定再审 ,限制检察院抗诉提起再审 ,完善当事人申请再审程序。其中 ,关于检察院抗诉提起再审 ,应作如下定位 :对涉及公共利益的民事案件 ,检察院应有发动再审的权力 ;对于一般民事案件 ,检察院不能发动再审 ,也不宜提起或参加诉讼。

On the reform of civil adjudicatory supervision procedure

Two kinds of deep conflicts are contained in our country's adjudicatory supervision, that is, the conflict between the principle of "to seek truth from facts, to rectify whatever is wrong" and the steadiness of efficient adjudication and the conflict between enlargement of adjudication supervision power and exercise of litigious right and disposing right of the parties. As to the reform of adjudicatory supervision system, the author puts forward that the court's power of determining the adjudicatory supervision procedure by authority should be abolished, the procuratorate's authority of instituting the adjudicatory supervision procedure through lodging a protest should be restricted and the party's right of applying for adjudicatory supervision procedure should be perfected. Among the three reform plans, the second reform should be orientated: the procuratorate should have the power of instituting the adjudicatory supervision procedure in respect to the civil cases involving public interests. But in respect to ordinary civil cases the procuratorate cannot have the power of instituting the adjudicatory supervision procedure and should not institute or participate in action.